Their success in those underhand dealings was great; for Cyrus, being frequently absent and much absorbed in his warlike expeditions, left the government in the hands of his son Cambyses, a wicked prince, and extremely hostile to the Jews and their religion. [17][b], An ancient Greek book called 1 Esdras (Greek: Ἔσδρας Αʹ) containing some parts of 2 Chronicles, Ezra and Nehemiah is included in most editions of the Septuagint and is placed before the single book of Ezra–Nehemiah (which is titled in Greek: Ἔσδρας Βʹ). G

. This was made use of by the Persians in their decrees and communications relative to the Jews (compare 2 Kings 18:26 , Isaiah 36:11 ). "[4] 14. we have maintenance from the king's palace--literally, "we are salted with the salt of the palace." Immediately after the murder of Sennacherib, the Babylonians, Medes, Armenians, and other tributary people seized the opportunity of throwing off the Assyrian yoke. Rawlinson supposed that he was an officer of Esarhaddon;[3] Oesterley identified him as, "Ashurbanipal (668-626 B.C. The original language of 4:1-7 is Hebrew language, whereas of Ezra 4:8–24 is Aramaic. Salem Media Group. . If they could not attack the work through a subversive partnership, they would then attack the work through discouraging the workers, troubling th… [7] This chapter records the opposition of the non-Jews to the re-building of the temple and their correspondence with the kings of Persia which brought a stop to the project until the reign of Darius the Great. which brought us up hither--A very interesting explanation of this passage has been recently obtained from the Assyrian sculptures. They troubled them in building, and hired counselors against them to frustrate their purpose all the days of Cyrus king of Persia, even until the reign of Darius king of Persia. | Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Contact Us | Sitemap. 2. we seek your God, as ye do; and we do sacrifice unto him since the days of Esar-haddon . Your email address will not be published. . . But Esar-haddon having, in the thirtieth year of his reign, recovered Babylon and subdued the other rebellious dependents, transported numbers of them into the waste cities of Samaria, most probably as a punishment of their revolt [HALES].

It is a striking confirmation of the statement made in this passage. Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, California - Do Not Sell My Personal Information. G [28], The rejection of Zerubbabel was based on "spiritual insight".

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[24], The enemies of the exiles try to destroy that community by assimilation, pointing out important similarities among their peoples (verse 2),[28] wanting the exiles to be entirely like them, but the enemies don't have allegiance to Yahweh and assimilation for the exiles would have meant destruction of the covenant with God. . {\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}} of "The great and noble Asnappar" was Esar-haddon. Then ceased the work of the house of God--It was this occurrence that first gave rise to the strong religious antipathy between the Jews and the Samaritans, which was afterwards greatly aggravated by the erection of a rival temple on Mount Gerizim. This is the only mention in the Bible of this name. .

Then the people of the land tried to discourage the people of Judah. 1. the adversaries of Judah and Benjamin--that is, strangers settled in the land of Israel. By taking out this section unto itself and simply reading from Ezra 4:3 to 4:24, we see that the work of building the temple was interrupted for several years during the reigns of Cyrus king of Persia, even until the reign of Darius king of Persia. 4, 5. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; They approached the exiles and offered to help. [2] Jewish tradition states that Ezra is the author of Ezra-Nehemiah as well as the Book of Chronicles,[3] but modern scholars generally accept that a compiler from the 5th century BCE (the so-called "Chronicler") is the final author of these books. On a large cylinder, deposited in the British Museum, there is inscribed a long and perfect copy of the annals of Esar-haddon, in which the details are given of a large deportation of Israelites from Palestine, and a consequent settlement of Babylonian colonists in their place. Then the people of the land tried to discourage the people of Judah: This response to the refusal of partnership revealed their evil intent. [11][a] Fragments containing parts of this chapter were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls, that is, 4Q117 (4QEzra; 50 BCE) with extant verses 2–6 (2–5 // 1 Esdras 5:66–70), 9–11. Ezra Chapter 4 starts off with opposition to the rebuilding of the temple. Their letter, and the edict that followed, commanding an immediate cessation of the work at the city walls, form the exclusive subject of narrative at Ezra 4:7-23 . Although the edict of Cyrus permitted all who chose to return, a permission of which some of the Israelites availed themselves, the great body who went to settle in Judea were the men of Judah. a. .
the Syrian tongue--or Aramæan language, called sometimes in our version, Chaldee. Ezra 4:1-6.THE BUILDING HINDERED. It is a section unto itself, somewhat interrupting the flow of the text from Ezra 4:3 to 4:24. i.

"Eating a prince's salt" is an Oriental phrase, equivalent to "receiving maintenance from him.". [21][22], The non-Jewish inhabitants of the land of Judah offered to help with the building, but regarding it as a 'proposal of compromise', the leaders of Judah rejected the offer.

[8] [9], This chapter is divided into 24 verses. Though originally idolaters, they were instructed in the knowledge of God, so that they could say, "We seek your God"; but they served Him in a superstitious way of their. 1 Esdras 5:66-73[c] is an equivalent of Ezra 4:1-5 (Work hindered until second year of Darius's reign), whereas 1 Esdras 2:15-26 is an equivalent of Ezra 4:7-24 (Artaxerxes' reign). [29] The reference to the Assyrian king recalls the story in 2 Kings 17:1–6 that after the fall of Samaria in 721 BC, the genuine Israel inhabitants of the northern kingdom were deported elsewhere and the Assyrians planted people from other places (bringing their own gods; cf. [10], Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew/Aramaic are of the Masoretic Text, which includes Codex Leningradensis (1008). 4 Ezra proper, then, is made up of chapters 3-14 of the Latin text, or 1-12 in the eastern language editions of the text. They labored hard to prejudice the king's mind against that measure. ), the son and successor of Esarhaddon. Ezra 4 is the fourth chapter of the Book of Ezra in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible, or the book of Ezra-Nehemiah in the Hebrew Bible, which treats the book of Ezra and book of Nehemiah as one book.

Ezra 4 is the fourth chapter of the Book of Ezra in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible,[1] or the book of Ezra-Nehemiah in the Hebrew Bible, which treats the book of Ezra and book of Nehemiah as one book. 12. the Jews which came up from thee to us--The name "Jews" was generally used after the return from the captivity, because the returning exiles belonged chiefly to the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. . they came to Zerubbabel and to the heads of the families and said, “Let us help you build because, … A; 5th century). which brought us up hither--A very interesting explanation of this passage has been recently obtained from the Assyrian sculptures. Ye have nothing to do with us to build an house unto our God--This refusal to co-operate with the Samaritans, from whatever motives it sprang, was overruled by Providence for ultimate good; for, had the two peoples worked together, familiar acquaintanceship and intermarriage would have ensued, and the result might have been a relapse of the Jews into idolatry. CHAPTER 4.

6. in the reign of Ahasuerus, in the beginning of his reign, wrote they . "The great and noble Osnappar" (Ezra 4:10). Artaxerxes — Cambyses, called by his Chaldee name, Ahashuerus, verse 6, and here by his Persian name, Artaxerxes: by which he is here called in the inscription of this letter, because so he was called by himself, and others in the letters written either by him; or to him.. Copyright © 2020, Bible Study Tools. [4] The section comprising chapter 1 to 6 describes the history before the arrival of Ezra in the land of Judah [5][6] in 468 BCE. 9. the Dinaites--The people named were the colonists sent by the Babylonian monarch to occupy the territory of the ten tribes. All Rights Reserved. an accusation--Ahasuerus was a regal title, and the king referred to was successor of Darius, the famous Xerxes. B; 4th century), and Codex Alexandrinus (A;

Most certainly, confusion and obscurity in the genealogical evidence that proved the descent of the Messiah would have followed; whereas, in their hostile and separate condition, they were jealous observers of each other's proceedings, watching with mutual care over the preservation and integrity of the sacred books, guarding the purity and honor of the Mosaic worship, and thus contributing to the maintenance of religious knowledge and truth. Those Assyrian settlers intermarried with the remnant of Israelite women, and their descendants, a mongrel race, went under the name of Samaritans. 4 When the enemies of Judah and Benjamin heard that the exiles were building a temple for the Lord, the God of Israel, 2 they came to Zerubbabel and to the heads of the families and said, “Let us help you build because, like you, we seek your God and have been sacrificing to him since the time of Esarhaddon king of Assyria, who brought us here.” {\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}} Then the people of the land weakened the hands of the people of Judah, &c.--Exasperated by this repulse, the Samaritans endeavored by every means to molest the workmen as well as obstruct the progress of the building; and, though they could not alter the decree which Cyrus had issued regarding it, yet by bribes and clandestine arts indefatigably plied at court, they labored to frustrate the effects of the edict. . Opposition to the Rebuilding. [13][14][15][16], There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. 7. in the days of Artaxerxes wrote Bishlam, &c.--The three officers named are supposed to have been deputy governors appointed by the king of Persia over all the provinces subject to his empire west of the Euphrates. However, they were turned away and were told that they had no place helping them build the temple. 1. the adversaries of Judah and Benjamin--that is, strangers settled in the land of Israel.. 2. we seek your God, as ye do; and we do sacrifice unto him since the days of Esar-haddon . We'll send you an email with steps on how to reset your password. 3. [23] Due to the rejection, the surrounding inhabitants mounted opposition to the building project. This was when those who were against Judah as well as Benjamin heard of the project. And now from this digression [the historian] returns at Ezra 4:24 to resume the thread of his narrative concerning the building of the temple. . said . 2 Kings 17:29) to the region of Samaria, initiated by Sargon (722–705 BC), but from this verse apparently extended to the reign of Esarhaddon (681–669 BC). [29], The story of Zerubbabel was interrupted by the list of some accounts of hostilities which happened in a long period of time to illustrate the continuous opposition by non-Jews of the area to the attempts of the Jews to establish a community under the law of God.

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